WHO Renames Monkeypox to Mpox: New Cases Reported in Sweden and Pakistan
Within 24 hours of the World Health Organization (WHO) renaming Monkeypox to “Mpox,” cases were detected outside Africa, including one in Sweden and three in Pakistan. This rapid emergence of cases outside the continent where the virus is traditionally found has raised global concerns about the potential spread of the disease.
History of Monkeypox
The virus that causes Monkeypox was first identified in Denmark in 1958 when a virus outbreak occurred among monkeys kept for research, which led to the naming of the disease. The first human case was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo, affecting a nine-month-old boy. Since then, the disease has been mainly confined to Central and West Africa, where it spreads primarily through close contact with infected animals.
Transmission of Mpox
Mpox is a viral infection that affects both humans and animals. It belongs to the same family of viruses as smallpox, known as “Orthopoxvirus.” The disease typically causes symptoms such as skin lesions or raised bumps, resembling pox-like diseases.
Modes of Transmission:
- Close Contact: The virus spreads to humans through close contact with infected animals or people.
- Animal Bites or Direct Contact with Body Fluids: It can also spread through bites from infected animals or direct contact with their blood or other body fluids.
- Fomites (Contaminated Objects): The virus can be transmitted by touching contaminated clothing, bedding, or towels that have been used by an infected person.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of Mpox include fever, headache, muscle aches, and rash, which typically appears on the face, hands, feet, and other parts of the body. These symptoms usually last from two to four weeks, although they can appear within three to 21 days after exposure to the virus.
Treatment and Prevention:
Currently, there is no specific vaccine available for Mpox, but extensive medical research is ongoing. Studies are being conducted on the antiviral drug Tecovirimat (TPOXX), originally developed for smallpox, to treat Mpox. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also authorized the use of the smallpox vaccine for severe Mpox infections in individuals aged 18 years and older.
Global Precautions:
Countries worldwide are intensifying preventive measures to curb the spread of Mpox. China has ordered monitoring of all incoming individuals and goods for the next six months. Taiwan has set up disease control centers and issued travel warnings for Congo and six other African countries.
In Pakistan, cases were detected in travelers arriving from the United Arab Emirates, and in Sweden, a single case has been identified, prompting concerns due to the potential for rapid international spread, especially within Europe.
Conclusion:
The renaming of Monkeypox to Mpox by the WHO and the immediate detection of new cases highlight the urgent need for global vigilance. Health authorities worldwide are on high alert to prevent further spread of the virus. Public awareness, adherence to health guidelines, and prompt medical interventions are crucial to managing this emerging health threat.
While continued research and preventive measures are underway, the cooperation of both global health organizations and the general public will be essential in containing the spread of Mpox. Until a specific vaccine is developed, maintaining hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals or animals, and adhering to health advisories remain the best defenses against the virus.
4 people contracted the disease within 24 hours of monkey measles being renamed “Mpox”.
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